Asked by: Benny Matthews, Oxford

Advertisement

They're mainly due to the wind. The surface of a calm patch of water becomes stirred up by the frictional effect of the wind blowing over it, forming ripples. These ripples increase the amount of 'grip' the wind has on the surface, increasing the amount of energy it can transfer and causing the water to form waves. Coming into a beach, they rise up until collapsing into surf.


Advertisement

Subscribe to BBC Focus magazine for fascinating new Q&As every month and follow @sciencefocusQA on Twitter for your daily dose of fun science facts.

Authors

Robert is a science writer and visiting professor of science at Aston University.

Advertisement
Advertisement
Advertisement