Why are some materials magnetic?
It’s the result of the motion of electrons inside atoms.
Asked by: Ahmed Zeb Khattak, Pakistan
It’s the result of the motion of electrons inside atoms. When electrons move through a wire, the resulting current generates a magnetic field. Electrons inside atoms are also moving: they orbit the central nucleus of atoms, and spin on their axes. In most atoms, the resulting magnetic effect is weak. But in some atoms – like those of iron – a kind of subatomic force makes the spins of electrons of neighbouring atoms line up. This allows their individual magnetic fields to combine together, producing a magnetic field that extends beyond the atoms.
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Authors
Robert is a science writer and visiting professor of science at Aston University.
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